东亚和拉丁美洲发展的十字路口:导致不同发展结果的关键因素

Konstantinos Bakiris, J. Mylonakis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

东亚和拉丁美洲是两个极具相似性和发展轨迹的地区。由于贫困和欠发达,许多分析人士将这些地区归类为发展中国家地区。今天,日本、韩国和台湾等国家是世界上经济增长最快的国家之一,而巴西、墨西哥和阿根廷仍在与巨大的社会不平等、体制腐败和极端贫困作斗争。本文的范围是确定导致东亚和拉丁美洲之间不同发展结果的关键因素。这将通过对来自每个区域的三个国家(拉丁美洲的阿根廷、巴西和墨西哥以及东亚的日本、韩国和台湾)的国家政策、部门增长以及与外部贸易和市场脆弱性的关系进行比较分析来实现。本文认为,在拉丁美洲实施的发展主义模式从未以实现社会平等或技术增长为目标,并受到政治不稳定、精英控制的制度和与全球贸易无关的保护主义的折磨。相反,东亚发现了其内部市场的弱点,并致力于创造宏观经济稳定,为私人投资和政治稳定创造理想的气氛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
East Asia and Latin America on the Crossroads of Development: The key factors that attributed to different developmental outcomes
East Asia and Latin America are two regions of great similarities and trajectories. Struggling with poverty and underdevelopment, many analysts classified them as regions of developing states. Today, countries like Japan, Korea and Taiwan are among the fastest growing in the World while Brazil, Mexico and Argentina are still struggling with huge societal inequality, institutional corruption, and extreme poverty. The scope of this paper is to identify key factors that are attributed to different developmental outcomes between East Asia and Latin America. This will be accomplished through a comparative analysis of state policies, sectoral growth and relationship to external trade and market vulnerabilities, between three countries from each region, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico from Latin America and Japan, Korea, and Taiwan from East Asia. The paper argues that the model of developmentalism implemented in Latin America never aimed to achieve societal equality or technological growth and was tormented by political instability, elite-controlled systems, and protectionism that had no relativity with global trade. On the contrary, East Asia identified its internal market weaknesses and was committed to generating macroeconomic stability, creating an ideal atmosphere for private investment and political stability.
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