Assessment of energy intake and selected nutrients within 6 months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

Introduction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the most frequently performed bariatric procedures. It is characterized by high efficiency in reducing excessive body weight, however, it carries a risk of complications, including nutritional deficiencies. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess energy intake and selected nutrients within 6 months after sleeve gastrectomy. Material and methods. The study included a group of 48 obese people undergoing laparoscopic cuff gastrectomy. The way of feeding patients before surgery as well as 3 and 6 months after the surgery has been evaluated. The quantitative assessment of daily food rations (dfr) has been conducted using a 24-hour nutritional interview, covering 3 days preceding the study (the assessment did not include supplementation). The energy and nutritional value of menus have been calculated using the computer program Dieta 5. Statistical analysis of the data has been conducted using the Statistica 12 software. To compare the data in individual periods, the t test for independent variables has been used. The study has been approved by the UMB Bioethics Committee no. R-I-002/525/2010. Each from patients, voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Results. After 6 months the energy supply with diet decreased significantly and amounted to 713.15 ± 232.36 kcal/day in the group of women and 972.68 ± 200.48 kcal/ day in the group of men. In addition, in both groups there has been a significant reduction in the average consumption of protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber and vitamins: B1, C, A, E and folic acid as well as Fe, Mg and Zn, which was insufficient in relation to the demand. Conclusions. Patients’ diet in the early postoperative period is characterized by a very low energy value and is deficient in protein, complex carbohydrates, some minerals and vitamins. Therefore, it seems reasonable to introduce a routine supplementation with a highprotein preparation, a multivitamin preparation, a calcium preparation and vitamin D for each patient undergoing a sleeve gastrectomy, while monitoring the supply of individual nutrients with the diet.