OVERVIEW OF THE HISTORICAL STAGES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF JAPANESE GARDEN CULTURE (Part 2 – from Meiji to Rave) beginning at No. 1 /2022

The review provides an analysis of the development of Japanese ornamental gardening from the Meiji period to the present. In historical terms, this short period of time of about 155 years originates in the restoration of the imperial power of Japan after the last shogun resigned his authority to govern the country. It is characterized by high rates of industrialization of the economy, which could not but affect the development of many traditional arts, including gardening. It was during this period that Japanese traditions were imported to the countries of the Old and New World, Japanese gardens were built outside the country. At the same time, European art, technology and traditions are penetrating Japan and have a strong influence on the culture of the country. The influence of Western art led to the emergence of eclectic gardens, but brought a certain fresh stream to modern decorative gardening. The complex, but always recognizable structure and appearance of the Japanese garden are gradually giving way to simplified forms of European-American design, while outside Japan interest in Japanese gardens is not decreasing and more and more Japanese architects are building traditional Japanese gardens in other countries.