奥尔加·托卡丘克小说《航班》中的身份问题

Mariia Polovynkina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文致力于探讨波兰作家、诺贝尔奖得主奥尔加·托卡丘克的小说《飞行》中的身份问题。这个话题的相关性可以通过21世纪社会对身份概念的积极关注及其搜索来解释。本文以小说《航班》为研究对象,以小说中出现的身份问题为研究主题。在工作中使用了分析、归纳、演绎、描述和情境方法。这篇文章的新颖之处在于考虑了小说中以前没有研究过的方面,并提出了对身份等概念特征的新看法。文章分析了乌克兰语、英语和波兰语对该词的不同解释,并注意其语义转换;考察了《飞天》的一些片段、小说中几位主人公的身份特征及其对相应名词的理解;意识到自己的存在是身份的一个组成部分,这一关键作用已经确立;分析了语言在自我意识形成中的作用,以及自我认同对个体存在的影响;身份存在的可能性不仅存在于智人身上,也存在于其他生物和非生物身上;客体在个体分类中的作用已经确立。研究表明,语言(任何形式的表达,包括口头和书面)是形成外部和内部身份的重要因素。与此同时,语言的存在并不是身份出现的必要条件,因为这个概念可以被非常广泛地解释,不仅可以归因于主体,也可以归因于客体。识别过程可能伴随着使用额外的项目,以方便分类。自我认同的变化会引起存在的根本变化,成为他向不存在过渡的动力。这项工作很有前途。我们特别打算用认同理论来分析小说《飞行》的其他片段,并构建一个自我意识形成的方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The problem of identity in Olga Tokarczuk's novel "Flights"
The article is devoted to the problem of identity in the novel "Flights" by the Polish writer, Nobel Prize winner Olga Tokarczuk. The relevance of the topic can be explained by the active attention of society to the concept of identity and its search in the XXI century. The object of study is the novel "Flights" and the subject is the problem of identity, which is presented in this novel. Analysis, induction, deduction, descriptive and contextual methods were used during the work. The novelty of the article lies in considering aspects of the novel that have not been studied before and in proposing a new look at the features of such a concept as identity. The article analyzes different interpretations of this term in Ukrainian, English and Polish, draws attention to its semantic transformation; some fragments of the "Flights", identity features of several heroes of this novel and their understanding of the corresponding term have been investigated; the key role of awareness of one's own existence as a component of identity has been established; the role of language in the formation of self-consciousness has been analyzed, as well as the influence of self-identification on the existence of an individual; the possibility of the existence of identity not only for homo sapiens, but also for other living beings, as well as non-beings, has been shown; the role of objects in the categorization of individuals has been established. The research has shown that language (with any form of expression – both oral and written) is an important factor in the formation of both external and internal identity. At the same time, the presence of language is not a necessary condition for the emergence of identity, as this concept can be interpreted very broadly and attributed not only to subjects but also to objects. The identification process may be accompanied by the use of additional items that facilitate categorization. Changes in self-identification can cause radical changes in the existence and become the impetus for his transition into non-existence. The work has considerable prospects. In particular we plan to analyze other fragments of the novel "Flights" in terms of identity theory, as well as to build a scheme for the formation of self-awareness.
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