参与式民主的形式和机制

T. Kuzhda, M. Halushchak, O. Halushchak
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引用次数: 1

摘要

有效的公民与政府互动、公民社会机构、社区和国家的成功发展的最重要方面取决于乌克兰参与式民主的有效形式和机制的形成、法律巩固和实际使用。参与式民主的有效实际运用取决于法律框架、政府的合作意愿,以及与民间社会活动家接触的能力和意愿,以及促进乌克兰社会民主化和发展的民间社会机构的适当发展。公民与政府互动的层次包括信息、信息协商、相互参与,通过不断的对话和相互参与、公共控制和电子民主,扩大了公民与政府互动的层次。作为参与式民主形式的公民呼吁、电子请愿、公开听证会、公民在居住地的会议、地方倡议、地方公民投票、咨询机构、自组织机构、公众讨论和公共专门知识已在该条中加以描述。已经指出了参与式民主的各种形式在其准备、执行和法律后果方面的不同之处。公众参与预算过程的作用已经确定,参与预算被挑出来作为社区更好地了解地方预算和形成自己的项目的工具。明确了实际运用参与式民主对公众和政府的好处,特别是加强了相互对话的水平,提高了对话的效率和政府对公共问题的反应;公民对政府的信任度不断提高;透过推行透明、公开和参与的政策,改善政府的形象;以及权力主体在特定程序框架内对公众建议的考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Forms and mechanisms of participatory democracy
The most important aspects of effective citizen-government interaction, successful development of civil society institutions, community and state depend on forming, legal consolidation and practical use of an effective forms and mechanisms of participatory democracy in Ukraine. Effective practical use of participatory democracy depends on the legal framework, the government's willingness to cooperate, as well as the competence and willingness to engage with civil society activists and the proper development of civil society institutions that contribute to democratization and development of Ukrainian society. The levels of citizen-government interaction including an informational, informational-consultative, mutual participation have been expanded by singling out the constant dialogue and mutual participation, public control and e-democracy. The citizens’ appeals, electronic petitions, public hearings, meetings of citizens at the place of residence, local initiatives, local referendum, advisory bodies, self-organization bodies, public discussions and public expertise as the forms of participatory democracy have been described in the article. The differences between the forms of participatory democracy in terms of the order of their preparation, implementation and legal consequences have been indicated. The role of public participation in the budget process has been determined and the participation budget was singled out as a tool of the community for better understanding of local budget and forming their own projects. The advantages of practical use of participatory democracy for the public and the government have been clarified, in particular, strengthening the level of mutual dialogue, increasing its efficiency and the government's response to public problems; growing citizens' trust in the government; improving the image of government through the implementation of transparency, openness and involvement; and consideration of public recommendations by the subjects of power within the framework of certain procedures.
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