作家作为一个脑瘤病人

S. Pereyra
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摘要

本文主要关注的是专业作家和知识分子如何发展疾病叙事,以解决患有脑肿瘤的经历,以及这种情况如何诉诸特定的叙事特征。与外行写的病理学不同,作家和知识分子对疾病的自传体描述创造了一种叙事主观性,这种主观性与他们的职业地位密切相关,而不是与叙事时间同步的患者地位。在本文中,我们分析了两部自传体小说,讲述了两位患有脑瘤的欧洲作家和知识分子的经历:弗里格斯·卡琳蒂的《我的头骨之旅》(1939[1937])和汤姆·拉伯克的《直到另行通知,我还活着》(2012)。在这些与脑肿瘤有关的疾病过程的叙述中,作者抵制了这种特殊疾病的主要症状和结果,这种疾病在影响他们的认知能力的同时,似乎剥夺了他们作为作家的自我形象。因此,这些作品是基于他们过去和现在身份的重新调整(Rimmon-Kenan, 2002: 15-18),总是与他们作为作者的形象联系在一起。这里提出的比较分析旨在作为文学研究领域对理解患者主体性的贡献,患者的叙述不是为了寻求治疗或寻找疾病的原因或意义,而是为了对抗作家-患者创造性身份和“迟钝”的丧失(德里达,2009)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Writer as a Patient with a Brain Tumour
This article main concern is how professional authors and intellectuals develop illness narratives addressing the experience of having a brain tumour, and how this condition resorts to specific narratological features. Unlike pathographies written by laypersons, autobiographical accounts of illness developed by writers, and intellectuals create a narrative subjectivity that is specifically linked to their professional status rather than to their patient status which is simultaneous with the narrative time. In this article, we analyse two autobiographical novels, addressing the experiences of two European authors and intellectuals suffering from a brain tumour: A Journey Round My Skull (1939[1937]) by Frigyes Karinthy and Until Further Notice, I Am Alive (2012) by Tom Lubbock. These narratives on illness processes related to brain tumours are a place where writers resist the main symptoms and outcomes of this specific disease that, while affecting their cognitive capacities, seem to deprive them of their self-image as writers. Hence, these writings are based on the realignment of their past and present identities (Rimmon-Kenan, 2002: 15-18) always in connection with their images as authors. The comparative analysis presented here is intended as a contribution from the field of literary studies to the understanding of subjectivity in patients, whose narratives are not written to seek cure or to search for a cause or meaning for the disease, but to fight the loss of the writer-patient creative identity and ‘ipseity’ (Derrida, 2009).
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