涅达·内兹达纳的《关闭天空》:战争、记忆、女性的创伤经历、有意识的去殖民化

O. Bondareva
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摘要

本文从后殖民研究、记忆研究、创伤研究、西欧冲突/干预区证据处理理论、女性主义批评的理论坐标出发,对涅达·涅日达纳的剧作《封闭的天空》进行了考察。本文研究了这部剧如何适应现代乌克兰戏剧更广泛的背景,即俄罗斯对乌克兰的全面军事侵略。一个人自己的创伤经历、证词和目击者的个人口头叙述的转化机制被挑出来:首先- 进入交际和话语实践的空间,然后- 进入成熟的艺术材料。会议强调,对乌克兰人来说,最重要的是创造自己对当前战争的艺术叙述,记录和解释其罪行,将其纳入殖民者与乌克兰身份斗争的全球历史,并围绕这一点组织跨代创伤记忆的工作。我们绝不能让对乌克兰境外战争的看法被侵略者的叙述所主导。这部作品的戏剧和表演潜力使该剧的作者能够呈现出富有洞察力的公众故事,讲述了不同年龄的坚强和自给自足的乌克兰妇女,她们遭受占领者的折磨,并见证了他们的反人类罪行。“封闭的天空”在涅达·涅日达纳的诠释中并没有变成一个安全与救赎的空间,而是变成了一个复杂的身心迷宫,它可以被意想不到的考验和威胁打开,但通过它却治愈了失忆症的女主角。对作者来说,这部戏剧的创作成为了一种自我心理治疗,为戏剧中的集体心理治疗提供了机会,因为我们对战争创伤的共同努力为乌克兰人有意识的非殖民视角打开了大门,为他们自己稳定而不受约束的非殖民身份铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
«Close the Sky» of Neda Nezdana: War, Memory, Women’s Traumatic Experience, Conscious Decoloniality
In the article, Neda Nezhdana’s play “Closed Sky” is considered in the theoretical coordinates of postcolonial studies, memory studies, trauma studies, Western European theory of evidence processing in conflict/intervention zones, feminist criticism. It is studied how this play fits into the wider context of modern Ukrainian drama about the full-scale military aggression of Russia against Ukraine. The mechanisms of transformation of one’s own traumatic experience, testimonies and individual oral narratives of eyewitnesses are singled out: first — іnto the space of communicative and discursive practices, and later — іnto a full-fledged artistic material. It was emphasized that it is fundamentally important for Ukrainians to create their own artistic narratives of the current war, to record and interpret its crimes, to include them in the global history of the colonizers’ struggle with Ukrainian identity, and to organize work with transgenerational traumatic memory around this. We must not allow the perception of the war outside of Ukraine to be dominated by narratives of the aggressor. The theatrical and performative potential of the work allows the author of the play to present insightful public stories of strong and self-sufficient Ukrainian women of various ages who suffered from the occupiers and bear witness to their crimes against humanity. “Closed Sky” in Neda Nezhdana’s interpretation turns not into a space of safety and salvation, but into a complex physical and mental labyrinth, which can be opened by unexpected trials and threats, but passing through which cures the heroine of amnesia. The creation of the play, becoming a kind of autopsychotherapy for the author, provokes opportunities for collective psychotherapy in the theater, because our joint work with the traumas of war opens for Ukrainians conscious decolonial perspectives and paves the way to their own stable and unfettered decolonial identity.
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