现代教师数字能力培养的管理

O. Alekseeva, N. Alexandrova, Tatyana P. Skvortsova, E. Zorina
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摘要

在现代教育体系中,激励是管理教师胜任力发展的基础。本研究中的动机成分被认为是教师使用现代数字技术的一组内部和外部动机,伴随着形成内在的成功愿望和在这一领域提高自己的真诚和个人显著愿望的过程。本研究的目的是研究管理不同动机的教师数字能力发展的可能性。本文考察了教师掌握数字能力的动机特征,揭示了教师在教学中使用信息和通信工具的可能性意识的本质,并确定了不同动机的教师阻碍其数字能力形成和深化的主要问题。使用A.A. Rean的方法论“成功的动机和对失败的恐惧”来研究动机的特征,并对教师在教学中使用信息和通信技术的想法进行问卷调查。实验样本中约有30%的教师专注于在数字能力的发展中取得成功,尽管没有明显动机导向和专注于避免失败的教师比例大致相同。这表明教师缺乏有效的方法和心理支持,无法独立应对现代教育的紧迫任务——数字化能力的形成。这种情况的发生有各种各样的原因——害怕掌握新技术、年龄构成、无法参加高级培训课程等。因此,避免失败和激励成功的教师的数字能力发展战略和策略具有根本的差异。对低水平和高水平动机的专家的方法和心理教学支持是在他们的专业发展和自我完善的个人轨迹框架内建立的。研究结果既可用于高等教育课程的设计,也可用于教学人员的专业培训和再培训。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Management of the Development of a Modern Teacher’s Digital Competencies
Motivation is the basis for managing the development of teachers' competencies in the modern education system. The motivational component in the study is considered as a set of internal and external motives of the teacher to use modern digital technologies, accompanied by the processes of forming an internal desire to achieve success and a sincere and personally significant desire to improve themselves in this area. The purpose of the study is to study the possibility of managing the development of teachers’ digital competencies with different motivations. The article examines the features of teachers' motivation in mastering digital competence, revealed the nature of teachers' awareness of the possibilities of using information and communication tools in teaching schoolchildren, and identified the main problems that teachers with different motivations have that prevent the formation and deepening of their digital competencies. Features of motivation were studied using A.A. Rean's methodology “Motivation for success and fear of failure” and a questionnaire about teachers' ideas about the use of information and communications technologies in teaching their subject. About 30% of teachers from the experimental sample focus on achieving success in the development of digital competencies, although the proportion of teachers without a pronounced motivational orientation and focus on avoiding failure is approximately the same. This indicates an insufficiently effective methodological and psychological support for teachers who cannot independently cope with the urgent task of modern education – the formation of digital competence. This happens for various reasons – fear of mastering new technologies, age composition, inability to take advanced training courses, etc. Thus, the strategy and tactics of developing digital competencies of teachers who avoid failure and are motivated to achieve success have fundamental differences. Methodological and psychological-pedagogical support for specialists with low and high levels of motivation is built within the framework of an individual trajectory of their professional development and self-improvement. The results of the study can be used both in the design of higher education programs and programs for professional training and retraining of teaching staff.
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