当代全球化条件下城市群发展的特征

K. Kravchenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在社会发展的当前阶段,全球化进程的强度和城市在国家和地区社会经济发展中的作用日益增强。具有全球(世界)水平地位的城市群发挥着最关键的作用。本文的目的是分析全球化进程对当代全球化条件下城市群发展特点的影响,并找出城市群进一步发展的问题和前景。研究基于系统论、协同论、信息论和人地论;运用归纳演绎、比较、类比、分析、综合、系统化等方法,以及数学、统计、制图等方法。回顾历史,全球化的传播有三次浪潮:第一次浪潮(20世纪上半叶)描述了城市和工业的集约化发展,交通基础设施的发展;第二次浪潮(20世纪下半叶)标志着跨国、跨大陆和全球公司的形成,“肮脏”的工业转移到贫穷的第三世界国家的领土;第三个阶段(21世纪初至今)的特征是超越地缘政治和行政边界的城市化的出现。当代城市发展的一个重要趋势是发展城市群的趋势,增加了它们在当代空间转变和地球上发生的进程中的重要性。世界各区域内的人口聚集出现得相当不均衡。数量最多的是在美国、欧洲和亚洲,而非洲和拉丁美洲的集群正在加速增长。直到20世纪,由于可获得的资源和经济潜力,大型城市群大多在世界发达国家和地区形成。现在密集集聚的过程是城市和发展中国家的特点,聚集的数量正在增加。低发展水平国家的城市和城市群数量的显著增加导致了现代全球性问题的出现和恶化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
FEATURES OF THE URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF CONTEMPORARY GLOBALIZATION
The intensity of globalization processes and the role of cities in the socio-economic development of countries and regions increase at the current stage of society's development. Agglomerations that have the status of the global (world) level play the most crucial role. he purpose of the paper is to analyze the impact of globalization processes on the peculiarities of the development of urban agglomerations in the conditions of contemporary globalization, as well as to identify problems and prospects for their further evolution. The research was carried out based on the system, synergistic, informational and human-geographical approaches; using the methods of induction and deduction, comparison, analogy, analysis, synthesis, systematization, as well as mathematical, statistical and cartographic methods. Three waves characterized the spread of globalization in historical retrospect: the first one (the first half of the 20th century) described the intensive development of cities and industry, the development of transport infrastructure; the second wave (the second half of the 20th century) marked the formation of transnational, transcontinental and global corporations, the transfer of "dirty" industries to the territory of poor third world countries; the third (the beginning of the 21st century – until now) characterizes the emergence of urbanization beyond geopolitical and administrative borders. A significant trend in the contemporary development of cities is the tendency towards developing urban agglomerations, increasing their importance in contemporary spatial transformations and processes taking place on the planet. Agglomerations within regions of the world arose quite unevenly. The largest number are in the USA, Europe, and Asia, and agglomerations are growing at an accelerated pace in Africa and Latin America. Until the 20th century, the large agglomerations were formed mostly in developed countries and regions of the world due to the available resource and economic potential. Now the processes of intensive agglomeration are characterized for cities and developing countries, where the number of agglomerations is increasing. A significant increase in the number of cities and agglomerations in countries with a low level of development leads to the emergence and aggravation of global problems of modern times.
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