CHAPTER 7. Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels: Fabrication, Properties, Characterization, and Current Applications

Decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels have a wide variety of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications with potential clinical translation. After the decellularization process, the scaffold is partially enzymatically digested, neutralized, and adjusted to physiological pH and salt concentrations. The polymer network then self-assembles with an increase in temperature to 37 °C. This property allows for a minimally-invasive delivery via injection, including catheter delivery. This chapter will discuss the important material properties of ECM hydrogels and possible modifications of the polymer network. Furthermore, in vivo applications in a variety of tissues will be discussed, together with in vitro applications for disease models, drug testing, and toxicology studies.