咖啡生产商在可持续全球价值链背景下对区块链技术的看法

C. Singh, A. N. Wojewska, U. M. Persson, S. Bager
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引用次数: 4

摘要

透明度和公平性是改善全球价值链可持续性成果的关键。区块链技术被吹捧为实现这些目标的工具。然而,由于经验证据有限,关于透明度和可持续性效益的主张在很大程度上是理论性的。我们缺乏对全球价值链上游参与者的利弊的理解,以及这对技术采用的影响。为了解决这一差距,我们进行了一项实证研究,以确定哥伦比亚咖啡生产商采用区块链的驱动因素和障碍。我们的研究基于事件驱动和许可的区块链模型,专门为这项研究设计。应用参与能力框架并对咖啡生产商和关键线人进行半结构化访谈,我们分析了对区块链应用的采用态度。我们进一步从生产者的角度确定机会和缺点。我们将这些发现放在全球价值链研究的背景下,考虑到咖啡价值链中现有的权力关系。区块链项目自上而下的性质引发了分配问题,因为上游的资源投资、实施负担和风险要高得多,而下游的牵头公司将受益最多。我们将数据挤压确定为与区块链计划相关的可持续供应商挤压的额外渠道。数据挤压意味着,领先公司将通过区块链参与者的无偿劳动获得的数据,通过品牌和广告转化为可货币化的资产和可销售的价值。根据研究结果,我们确定了潜在的设计维度和实施特征,这些特征有助于实现生产商的利益,从而减轻可持续发展驱动的供应商挤压的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Coffee producers’ perspectives of blockchain technology in the context of sustainable global value chains
Transparency and equitability are key for improved sustainability outcomes in global value chains. Blockchain technology has been touted as a tool for achieving these ends. However, due to the limited empirical evidence, claims on transparency and sustainability benefits are largely theoretical. We lack an understanding of the benefits and drawbacks for upstream actors within global value chains and how this affects technology adoption. Addressing this gap, we conduct an empirical study to identify the drivers and obstacles for coffee producers in Colombia in adopting blockchain. We base our research on an event-driven and permissioned blockchain model, specifically designed for this research. Applying the Participation Capacity Framework and conducting semi-structured interviews with coffee producers and key informants, we analyze adoption attitudes towards the blockchain application. We further identify opportunities and drawbacks from the producers’ perspective. We set these findings in the context of the Global Value Chain research, considering the existing power relations in the coffee value chain. The top-down nature of blockchain projects raises distributive concerns, as resource investments, implementation burden, and risks are significantly higher upstream, whereas downstream lead firms will benefit most. We identify data squeeze as an additional channel of sustainable supplier squeeze relevant in the case of blockchain initiatives. Data squeeze implies lead firms turning the data obtained through, likely unpaid, labour of blockchain participants into a monetizable assets and marketable value through branding and advertisement. Based on the findings, we identify potential design dimensions and implementation features that can contribute to materializing producer benefits, thus mitigating the risk of a sustainability-driven supplier squeeze.
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