俄勒冈州东北部牧场的封闭:他们讲述的故事(1936-2004)。

C. Johnson
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引用次数: 1

摘要

小查尔斯·格里尔·约翰逊,2007。俄勒冈州东北部牧场的封闭:他们讲述的故事(1936-2004)。将军技术代表PNW-GTR-724。俄勒冈州波特兰:美国农业部、林务局、西北太平洋研究站,33页。在俄勒冈州东北部的Malheur、umatila和Wallowa-Whitman国家森林,从1977年到2004年,对主要在20世纪60年代安装的牧场进行了重新采样,以观察植物群落结构和组成的变化。它们允许人们将植被与所有有蹄类排斥(历史上称为游戏封闭),所有牲畜排斥(历史上称为家畜封闭)和不排斥(称为开放区域)进行比较。本文选取了俄勒冈州东北部的13个高地牧场,并提供了植物群落趋势数据和随时间变化的可能原因。主要发现是:家畜放养带来的本土有蹄类动物的适度放牧通常会促进束草保持优势地位和活力;随着时间的推移,干扰减少,本地束草可以取代入侵的根茎植物;在灌丛群落中没有有蹄类利用的灌木增加;在草地群落受到严重干扰后建立的入侵性一年生植物随着多年生束草的激烈竞争而减少。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Rangeland exclosures of northeastern Oregon: stories they tell (1936-2004).
Johnson, Charles Grier, Jr. 2007. Rangeland exclosures of northeastern Oregon: stories they tell (1936–2004). Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-724. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 33 p. Rangeland exclosures installed primarily in the 1960s, but with some from the 1940s, were resampled for changes in plant community structure and composition periodically from 1977 to 2004 on the Malheur, Umatilla, and Wallowa-Whitman National Forests in northeastern Oregon. They allow one to compare vegetation with all-ungulate exclusion (known historically as game exclosures), all-livestock exclusion (known historically as stock exclosures), and with no exclusion (known as open areas). Thirteen upland rangeland exclosures in northeastern Oregon were selected and are presented with plant community trend data and possible causes of changes over time. Key findings are that moderate grazing by native ungulates afforded by the livestock exclosures generally stimulated bunchgrasses to retain dominance and vitality; native bunchgrasses can replace invasive rhizomatous plants given a reduction in disturbance over time; shrubs increased without ungulate use in shrubland communities; and invasive annuals that established following severe disturbances to the grassland community diminished with aggressive competition from perennial bunchgrasses.
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