Particularities of the formation of the air masses structure in the tunnel during the train movement

The effect of aerodynamic factors on the rolling stock and railway infrastructure has been analysed. The formation of air mass structure in tunnel structures during the movement of high-speed rolling stock has been investigated. The processes of aeroelastic interaction of rolling stock with tunnel portal structures are analysed by means of numerical simulation. The description of mathematical models and the ways of their three-dimensional realization in the Solid Works Flow Simulation software complex are presented. Methods of finite elements and volumes for the solution of the set tasks are used. The results of the numerical research of velocity fields near the tunnel portal area obtained with the help of the developed mathematical models for the cases of entry and exit of the rolling-stock into the tunnel are given. The complex structure of air masses formation in the gap between the train body and tunnel lining which leads to increased resistance to the train movement in the tunnel is revealed. The patterns in the changes of pressure dynamics on the surface of the head fairing when the train enters the tunnel are found. The fact of negative effect of high and low pressure zones, as well as their abrupt difference, on the locomotive crew and passengers has been established.