防御机制在PTSD患者应对压力中的作用

Olena Faliova
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在乌克兰战争的背景下,患创伤后应激障碍的风险增加,在严重的情况下会导致慢性精神疾病的发展和生理功能的下降。由于在危险情况下无法有效行动而产生的无助感,形成了各种心理防御机制来克服心理内冲突。本研究的目的是利用PlutchikKellerman-Conte方法,探讨自战争开始以来生活在不同敌对发展情景地区的创伤后应激障碍个体的主要机制。这些信息是在全面战争的头两个月期间从基辅、哈尔科夫和利沃夫的不同年龄类别、就业类型、教育资格水平和性别的人那里收集的,并定期在乌克兰中部和西部的领土上移动。在研究期间也考虑了在国外短期居住的情况。心理防御紧张的结果表明,战争开始以来在乌克兰中西部不同地区的创伤后应激障碍个体中,投射机制占主导地位(75%),替代机制(12.5%)和否认机制(12.5%)平均分布。投射的主导可能表明心理内部冲突向外部的转移。在这种情况下,外部世界被个人视为威胁的主要载体,他们需要保护自己。相反,否认可能表明忽视了现实的某些方面。倾向于替代的受访者使用转移压抑情绪的方法,这种情绪可以以愤怒、恐惧和敌意的形式表达,这些形式对更容易接近的对象的危险程度不亚于那些导致沮丧经历的对象。测定试样总张力不超过50%。这可能表明创伤后应激障碍患者有能力解决此时产生的心理冲突。这项研究的结果可能对研究创伤后应激障碍预防和治疗方法的识别和生成的专家有实际的兴趣
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Role of Defence Mechanisms in Coping with Stress in PTSD Patients
In the context of the war in Ukraine, the risk of post-traumatic stress disorders increases, which in critical cases cause the development of chronic mental illnesses and a decline in physiological functions. In connection with the emergence of a feeling of helplessness due to the inability to act effectively in a dangerous situation, various psychological defence mechanisms are formed to overcome intrapsychic conflicts. The purpose of this stud was to investigate the dominant mechanisms in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder who had been in regions with different scenarios for the development of hostilities since the beginning of the war, using the PlutchikKellerman-Conte methodology. The information was collected from people of different age categories, types of employment, educational qualification levels, and gender who were in Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Lviv during the first two months of the full-scale war and periodically moved through the territory of Central and Western Ukraine. Cases of short-term residence abroad were also considered during the study. The results of the tension of psychological defence indicate that in individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder that stayed in different regions of Central and Western Ukraine since the beginning of the war, the projection mechanism dominated (75%), and the substitution mechanisms (12.5%) and denial mechanisms (12.5%) were equally distributed. The dominance of the projection may indicate the transfer of intrapsychic conflict to the outside. In this case, the external world is perceived by the individual as the main carrier of the threat from which they need to protect themselves. Instead, denial may indicate ignoring certain aspects of reality. Respondents who are prone to substitution use the approach of transferring repressed emotions, which can be expressed in the form of anger, fear, and hostility towards more accessible objects that are no less dangerous than those that led to frustrating experiences. It was determined that the total sample tension does not exceed 50%. This may indicate the ability of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder to resolve intrapsychic conflicts that have developed at the moment. The results of the study may be of practical interest to specialists investigating the identification and generation of methods for the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder
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