Systems of Military Ranks in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and Vietnamese National Army

The military rank is one of the most important indicators of the personal level achieved by a serviceman in relation to other servicemen within the established nationwide hierarchical system. Military ranks help establish relationships of subordination and seniority between military personnel, compliance with the positions held, and the age limit for military service and in the reserve. Military ranks are insignia of military personnel. The system of military ranks in each country has its own characteristics and origin. Military ranks in the Russian and Vietnamese armies vary depending on the historical period. The formation of the system of personal military ranks went through the centuries-old stages of their evolution. As we know, the changes taking place in society are reflected in the language in the form of an appropriate vocabulary design. Military nomenclature terminology is a special layer of the lexical composition of any language. As a specific layer of military vocabulary, on the one hand, it reflects a direct impact of extralinguistic factors on the language, and on the other hand, it contributes to the manifestation of certain general trends in the development and functioning of the national language. In this article, we will consider the system of military ranks in the armed forces of the Russian Federation and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from a synchronous point of view. The article gives a general description of the system of military ranks, reveals the features of the vocabulary denoting military ranks in the Russian Federation and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, highlights the use of words denoting military ranks in Russian and Vietnamese languages in communication and in official records. The results of the presented work may have a certain significance for lexicography and translation practice.