Effect of examination stress on Autonomic functions, Eating behavior and Quality of life in Dental students with Type D personality

Dental education was reported to be stressful and higher levels of stress were reported in dental students when compared with the general population of same age groups. Individuals with higher levels of negative affectivity (more negative feelings) and social inhibition (those do not share the emotions with others) are labeled as Type D personality. The present study was undertaken to observe the effect of examination stress on autonomic functions, eating behavior and quality of life in dental students with type D personality. 64 apparently healthy students belonging to the first year of the BDS course who were willing to participate voluntarily, were included in the study. Based on the scores of DS 14 of the questionnaires, they were grouped into Type-D and Non-Type D. After grouping them, rest of the data was collected using standard methods mentioned in the literature. Data was collected during pre examination period that is 48 hours before the practical examinations. There was no significant difference in the demographic data of type D and non type D individuals. Perceived stress score was significantly high in type D personalities when compared with non-type D personalities (P< 0.05). Systolic BP (P< 0.05), Diastolic BP (P< 0.001) and heart rate (P< 0.001) was significantly higher in type D personalities when compared with non-type D personalities. EAT-26 scores were not significantly different among type D and non type D individuals. Physical health score, psychological health, social relationships and environmental scores were lower in type D personalities when compared with non-type D personalities. However, the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, there was a significant higher level of stress, impaired autonomic function in individuals with type D personality during pre examination period. Eating behavior and quality of life was not significantly different among type D and non type D personalities. We recommend further detailed, multi centre studies to understand and to develop effective coping mechanisms for management of type D personalities in general. Key words: Examination stress; type D personality; Dental students; Quality of life