Self-healing Multipath Routing Protocol to assist Wireless Sensor Network based Hazardous Event Monitoring

With the growing impact of climate change, the occurrence of hazardous spatial events increase. Wireless sensor networks are suitable to sense, monitor and report such events in remote or inaccessible locations. Hazardous events are rare compared to the network’s lifetime, thus maintaining it’s consistency must be realized energy efficiently. During the impact the network must monitor the event with an appropriate precision, and report the occurrence to the user, while mitigating the loss of destroyed nodes by the very same event.To fulfill these requirements, we propose the Self-healing Multipath Routing Protocol that is based on the Heterogeneous Disjoint Multipath Routing Protocol and introduces several application-specific extensions to improve network stability, resiliency and failover. To realize the monitoring of spatially extended hazardous events we also introduce an event-based, application-level protocol.To evaluate the proposed routing protocol, we perform simulations in the OMNET++/Castalia framework, utilizing a cellular automation based wildfire model as the spatial event and provide measurement results including delivery ratio, consumed energy and protocol specific metrics.