肠道细菌和ASS:对现状的探索

Anne van der Geest, Annemarieke van Opstal, Saskia van Hemert, Linda van de Burgwal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过肠-脑轴,一边是大脑的认知、情感和行为中心,另一边是肠道。肠道细菌组成的破坏可能会导致肠-脑轴功能障碍,导致与自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)相关的行为和肠道问题。可能影响肠道细菌组成的干预措施包括饮食、粪便移植和益生菌。ASD患者的限制饮食可能解释了肠道细菌组成的破坏。然而,这似乎不是ASD的原因,但这种干扰可能会导致(恶化)症状。另一种可能影响肠道微生物群的干预措施是粪便移植。观察到一些症状的改善,如社交技能、多动、刻板行为和言语,但缺乏对照组限制了这些结果的有效性。第三种旨在影响肠道微生物群的干预措施是益生菌。虽然益生菌对ASD有影响似乎是合理的,但这还没有得到科学的证实。这是因为由于可能的益生菌种类繁多,微生物群本身的异质性,难以控制的外部影响,ASD症状的范围和异质性,以及导致ASD症状发展的因素的数量,这类研究本质上是复杂的。在实践中,很难建立“一刀切”的指导方针。因此,建议采用个性化的方法,根据每个人的独特情况量身定制干预措施。对于医疗保健提供者来说,这是一个机会,可以专注于在我的病人的具体情况下有效的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Darmbacteriën en ASS: een verkenning van de stand van zaken
Th rough the gut-brain axis, there is communication between cognitive, emotional and behavioral brain centers on one side and the gut on the other. Disruption of the composition of gut bacteria can potentially cause the gut-brain axis to malfunction, leading to behavioral and gut problems linked to Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Examples of interventions that potentially have an influence on the composition of gut bacteria include diet, poop transplants and probiotics. Th e restricted diet of patients with ASD may explain the disruption of the composition of gut bacteria. However, this does not appear to be a cause of ASD but the disturbance may be causing (worsening) of the symptoms. Another intervention that can aff ect the gut microbiota is a poop transplant. Improvement on several symptoms, such as social skills, hyperactivity, stereotyped behavior, and speech was observed, but the lack of a control group limits the validity of these results. A third type of intervention aimed at influencing the gut microbiota is probiotics. Although it is plausible that probiotics have an eff ect on ASD, this has not yet been scientifi cally established. This is because such research is inherently complex due to the large diversity of possible probiotics, the heterogeneity in the microbiota itself, external influences that are difficult to control, the range and heterogeneity in ASD symptoms, and the amount of factors that contribute to the development of ASD symptoms. In practice, it is difficult to establish “one size fi ts all” guidelines. Hence, working with an individualized approach that tailors interventions to each individual’s unique profile is recommended. For health care providers, this can be an opportunity to focus on what works in the specific situation of my patient.
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