考虑到世界各地的经验,制订冬季公路养护的有条理的办法

A. Smirnov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考察了各种模型,并结合世界经验,提出了公路冬季养护的系统方法。确定了不同国家冬季道路养护措施的评价采用不同的形式:质量指标或标准;成本核算与分析;有组织的管理制度;检查及监察工程的标准;服务提供符合性的测量;路网用户投诉分析;某些冬季现象的预报和预防方法。建议使用WSI (FHWA)指数来评估天气对冬季维护的影响程度,该指数是根据该季节的日降雪量平均值和平均记录的最低和最高温度计算得出的。建议将降水预报结果和WSI指数水平作为确定业务服务水平的依据,形成一套冬季道路养护的潜在措施。建议基于冬季养护和预测措施的模型来证明服务水平,从而形成一个系统的公路养护方法。已经开发了一种方法方法,该方法基于冬季道路养护的数学模型的使用,该模型是根据道路要素的养护权重将其冬季养护质量累积指标最小化的函数。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODICAL APPROACH TO THE MAINTENANCE OF HIGHWAYS IN THE WINTER PERIOD TAKING INTO ACCOUNT WORLDWIDE EXPERIENCE
The article examines models and proposes a methodical approach to highway maintenance in the winter period, taking into account world experience. It was determined that the assessment of winter road maintenance measures performed in different countries takes different forms according to: quality indicator or standard; cost accounting and analysis; organized management system; standards for inspection and monitoring of works; measurement of conformity of service provision; analysis of complaints from users of the road network; methods of forecasting and prevention of certain winter phenomena. It is proposed to use the WSI (FHWA) index, which is calculated on the basis of the average value of daily snowfall and the recorded minimum and maximum temperature on average for the season, to assess the severity of the impact of weather on winter maintenance. It is recommended that the results of precipitation forecasting and the level of the WSI index be used as a basis for determining the operational level of service, which forms a set of potential measures for winter road maintenance. It is proposed to justify the level of service based on models of winter maintenance and forecasting measures that allow to form a methodical approach to highway maintenance. A methodological approach has been developed, which is based on the use of a mathematical model of road maintenance in the winter period, which is a function of minimizing the accumulated indicators of the quality of winter maintenance of road elements depending on their weight for maintenance.
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