Development of Wheel-Over Mathematical Model to Reduce Cross-Track Error While Executing Turning Manoeuvre: Manoeuvring Simulation Using a VLCC Ship

One of the several methods that are widely used by marines for calculating the wheel over point for an efficient manoeuvre is the advance transfer technique. However, two gaps in the aforementioned technique were discovered in an efficacy analysis conducted by a previous study. Following that, this study reconstructed the application of the turning circle and subsequently closed the identified gaps, where a new wheel-over mathematical model, in-short WOMM, was developed as a result. A comparison study was conducted using a ship simulator to analyse manoeuvres for ATT and WOMM to verify the technique's improvement. The data gathered throughout the simulation study, notably the cross-track error, was then confirmed using percentage change to substantiate the declining trend of the error. Compared to ATT, it was observed that WOMM could produce more precise record-keeping functions as it minimised cross-track error. As a result of this research, the WOMM has the potential to be installed on a cargo ship’s navigation system and can be utilised by mariners to manoeuvre the ship more efficiently.