叙述创伤:柯勒律治《古水手》与爱伦坡《乌鸦》中的创伤与记忆

Hend Hamed Ezzeldin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

揭开这位古代水手的真实故事和身份之谜一直是许多评论家的目标。对这首诗的直接分析总是会提出现实与神秘之间的跨越,而不会对水手故事的实际背景提供清晰的解释。当水手没有任何明确的理由射杀一只信天翁时,他的困境发生了,从而导致所有船员都变成了古怪的生物而死亡。为了强调他的罪恶感,这位水手阻止了一位客人进入一场婚礼,并开始讲述他的故事。客人从不质疑水手叙述中虚构元素的可靠性,而读者却怀疑。同样,埃德加·爱伦·坡笔下的说话人也向一位不受欢迎的客人——一只乌鸦——提出了一些问题,这只乌鸦在晚上拜访他,并对他从他那里得到的始终如一的回答感到愤怒:“再也没有了”。读者意识到说话人患有心理障碍,因为他坚持认为乌鸦会回答他扭曲的问题。本文将水手和乌鸦说话人的困境与创伤理论联系起来,通过诊断他们为创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者,突出他们的创伤经历,强调他们叙述的不可靠性。参考信天翁和乌鸦作为基本主题的重要性,它们投射出人物的心理困境,导致他们都讲述了令人难以置信的故事。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Narrating the Wound: Trauma and Memory in Coleridge’s ‘Ancient Mariner’ and Poe’s ‘The Raven’
Demystifying the puzzle of the ancient Mariner's real story and identity has been the aim of many critics. Direct analysis of the poem would always propound a crossing of boundaries between the real and the uncanny without providing a clear interpretation of the actual context of the mariner’s tale. The mariner’s dilemma occurs when he shoots an albatross without any distinct reason, thus resulting in the death of all the crew members who turn into eccentric creatures. Accentuating his sense of guilt, the mariner stops a guest from entering a wedding and starts narrating his story. Whereas the guest never questions the reliability of the fictitious elements of the mariner's account, the readers do. Similarly, Edgar Allan Poe’s speaker posits questions to an un-welcomed guest, a raven, who visits him at night and gets infuriated at the consistent answer he receives from him: ‘Nevermore’. The readers are aware that the speaker is suffering from a psychological disorder since he insists the raven would reply to his distorted inquiries. This paper reads the mariner’s as well as the Raven’s speaker’s quandaries in association with trauma theory highlighting their traumatic experiences and underscoring the unreliability of their narration by diagnosing them as patients of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Reference will be made to the importance of the albatross and the raven as fundamental motifs that project the characters’ psychological predicaments resulting in the implausible tales they both recount.  
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