Changes in the economic development paradigms, dominant forms of capital and new challenges of modern transformations

The system-forming role of capital in the functioning of the economy, its evolution and the influence of its dominant forms on changes in the place of the economy in society are examined in the article. The reasons for the change of the economic development paradigms, the influence of various spheres of economic activity under the influence of reorientations on the accumulation of capital’s new forms are identified. The tendencies in the informatized and globalized world economy are revealed, which determine the growth of monopolistic tendencies and unilateral dependence of the productive branches on the processes developing in the financial sphere. The transformation of the economy from production priorities to various forms of rapid enrichment without the need to create real goods is analyzed. The aggravation of contradictions between manufacturing industries and the financial sector, between informatized and non-informatized components of the economy, between those whose qualifications will be needed in computerized production and those whose work in the new economy will no longer be needed. The process of hierarchization that unfolds in the economy between different industries and spheres of activity under the influence of different rates of capital accumulation is revealed. The analysis of the existing mechanisms of capital accumulation in various structural divisions of economy is made. The reasons for the different dynamics of capital accumulation by different components of the economy are identified. The inability of the market mechanism to ensure the development and functioning of the economy in the direction of expanded reproduction of the production of goods necessary for society is determined. The influence of information technologies on globalization processes in the world and their connection with the decrease in economic productivity at this stage of development is revealed. The real motives of economic entities that have changed the paradigm of economic behavior of people in the post-industrial stage have been established. The influence of the aim to maximize profitability as a fundamental driving force of economic behavior is revealed, which has provided changes in the long-term and sustainable trend focused on productivity growth in economic activity.