林迪事件后的十年:非理想罪犯的非理想受害者——双重异常,双重隐形

C. Cohen
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引用次数: 4

摘要

林迪·英格兰(Lynndie England)被定罪,并被美国军方以不光彩的方式开除,她的罪行包括对她所看管的男性被拘留者的性暴力行为,这些罪行被摄影记录下来,最终成功地将女性对男性受害者的性侵犯带到公众面前,并成为一个分水岭,永远改变了这个话题。但事实并非如此。这一事件并没有扰乱正统的话语。它并没有打破将男性视为罪犯、女性视为受害者的性别二元对立。十年后,它反而被认为支持了它——在维护“话语平衡”方面发挥了关键作用,保持了那些性别化的、规范性的、二元的、主体的立场,这些立场将男性排除在合法的受害者之外;尤其是男性被女性侵犯。这篇关于学术界知识生产的福柯式分析将检验这种停滞,并阐明其背后的话语机制——认为在性暴力领域,理想的受害者二元构成了一种性别规范的分类法,它作为一种政府化的“真理政权”发挥作用。具有讽刺意味的是,这种影响在那些最有能力抵制它的人身上最具阻碍作用。本章通过福柯理论的镜头,将克里斯蒂(1986)的理想受害者概念复杂化,向受害者学发出了号角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A decade after Lynndie: non-ideal victims of non-ideal offenders – doubly anomalised, doubly invisibilised
Lynndie England’s conviction, and highly publicised dishonourable discharge from the United States military, for crimes that included photographically documented acts of sexual violence against male detainees in her care, finally succeeded in bringing female sexual offending against male victims to the fore, and served as a watershed moment that forever changed the discourse. Except it didn’t. This event did not disrupt orthodox discourse. It did not breach the gendered binary that casts men as offenders and women as victims. A decade later, it can instead be argued to have bolstered it – being pivotal in maintaining ‘discursive equilibrium’ in preservation of those gendered, normative, binaristic, subject positions that serve to cast men outside of legitimate victimhood; particularly men assaulted by women. This Foucauldian analysis of knowledge production in the academy will examine this stasis, and articulate the discursive mechanisms underlying it - arguing that the ideal victim binary, in the area of sexual violence, constitutes a gender-normative taxonomy that functions as a governmentalised ‘regime of truth’. Ironically, this influence is most stymieing amongst those best placed to resist it.This chapter complexifies Christie’s (1986) concept of the ideal victim through the lens of Foucauldian theory, presenting a clarion call to victimology.
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