Selectivity of Ethanol Extract of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa) Fruit in HepG2, Widr, 4T1, and Vero cell lines

Background: Parijoto, one of the melastomaceae family, has been known to have cytotoxic activity in some cancer cell lines, such as HeLa, MCF-7, and T47D. Aims: We aim to know about the selectivity of ethanol extract of Parijoto fruit in cell line HepG2, WiDr, 4T1, and Vero. Cytotoxic was determined by MTT assay. Method: Extract was added in three serial concentration three serial concentrations (125 µg/mL–500 µg/mL), while the positive  control doxorubicin gives in 2,5 µg/mL – 20 µg/mL for cancer cell and 40 µg/mL -100 µg/mL for Vero cell.  Results: Results showed that ethanol extract of parijoto fruit gave low activity in HepG2 and Vero cell (IC50: 250 µg/mL) and moderate activity in WiDr and 4T1 (IC50: 81,58 µg/mL and 158,72 µg/mL). Conclusion: The highest selectivity index is given in WiDr cell (SI> 3) means that the ethanol extract of parijoto fruit is a promising cytotoxic agent for colorectal cancer therapy.