The Relationship between Enviromental Sanitation and the Risk of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Batam, Riau Island

Background: Dengue haemorrhagic fever cases in Indonesia in 2019 amounted to 65,602 cases, with a death toll of 467 people. In 2020, dengue cases in Indonesia reached 71,633 cases. The number of DHF cases at Sei Pancur Community Health Center reached 53 cases in 2019. There was an increased incidence in 2020 as many as 116 cases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between environmental sanitation and the risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever. Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Sei Pancur Community Health Center, Batam, Riau, Indonesia, from December 2020 to March 2021. A sample of 104 out of 140 people visiting the Community Health Center was selected at random. The dependent variable was dengue haemorrhagic fever. The independent variable was the environmental sanitation, including the presence of used goods, lighting, and the presence of larvae. The data were collected using questionnaires. The data were analyzed by odds ratio and chi-square. Results: The risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever increased with poor environmental sanitation, including the presence of used goods around the house (OR= 5.25; 95% CI= 2.08 to 13.24; p= 0.001), poor house lighting (OR= 6.32; 95% CI= 2.31 to 17.30; p< 0.001), and the presence of larvae (OR= 2.85; 95% CI= 1.11 to 7.29; p= 0.045). Conclusion: The risk of dengue haemorrhagic fever increases with poor environmental sanitation, including the presence of used goods around the house, poor house lighting, and the presence of larvae.