Green synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Syzygium Aromatic Extract: Characterization and Biological Applications

In this study, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by Syzygium aromaticum (clove) extract via a green synthesis method and evaluated their antibacterial properties. The bio-molecules inside the extract play an important role in converting nickel nitrate salt into nickel oxide nanoparticles. The prepared nickel oxide nanoparticles were characterized via different techniques such as X-ray Diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fi eld emission-scanning electron microscopy and ultraviolet e visible spectrophotometer. From X-ray diffraction results, the crystallite size of NiO NPs was estimated to be (39.7 nm). The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy exhibits intense two peaks at 594 cm ¡ 1 and 469 cm ¡ 1 which indicates the formation of NiO NPs. In addition, the energy band-gap calculated by Tauc ' s formula was ~2.89 eV. Finally, The antibacterial activity study results detected that NiO NPs have the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus when compared to Escherichia coli . Thus, the present study exhibits good antibacterial activity, which may be explored in future clinical treatments.