High-Precision Single Base Station Localization Assisted by Beamforming

With the development of the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication and the growing demand for high-precision indoor localization, the 5G signal based localization technology has attracted more and more attention. This paper proposes a high-precision single base station (BS) indoor positioning method. In the proposed method, the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the received signals is estimated by using the matrix pencil (MP) algorithm, and the line-of-sight (LOS) component is obtained by applying beamforming. Furthermore, two different carrier signals are employed to estimate the time of arrival (TOA) and mitigate the TOA ambiguity. With the estimates of TOA and DOA of the LOS component, geometric topology is utilized for localization. The numerical results show the proposed localization algorithm can achieve a centimeter-level localization accuracy.