地杆菌:在工业、生物修复和生物能源生产中的潜在商业应用

G. Novik, V. Savich, Olga Meerovskaya
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引用次数: 13

摘要

土杆菌属以专性嗜热细菌为代表,能够在35-75°C的温度范围内生长。它们是在常规培养基(如营养琼脂)上从各种来源分离出来的温和细菌。土杆菌属(Geobacillus)是芽孢杆菌的代表种,2001年作为一个新属被建立。然而,所有物种之间的序列相似性表明,至少有一些物种需要在属水平上重新分类。除16S rRNA外,内务基因、16S- 23s rRNA基因内部转录间隔序列、重复序列等也可用于嗜热细菌的分类鉴定。在高温下生存和生长的能力以及多种化合物的利用和合成使这些细菌及其产品在各个领域具有吸引力:食品,造纸,生物技术工业,医药,生物修复等。广泛的应用引起了人们对地杆菌生理生化特性研究的兴趣,并引发了生物能源等新应用领域的出现。对能源日益增长的需求导致了替代技术选择的发展。地杆菌种类显示出能够产生或提高重要生物能源的生产力,如乙醇、异丁醇、2,3-丁二醇、生物柴油和沼气。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
GeobacillusBacteria: Potential Commercial Applications in Industry, Bioremediation, and Bioenergy Production
The genus Geobacillus is represented by obligately thermophilic bacteria able to grow in the temperature range of 35–75°C. They are modest bacteria isolated from various sources on routine media such as nutrient agar. Originally classified as representatives of Bacillus , the species of Geobacillus were established in 2001 as a new genus. However, sequence similarity between all species indicates that at least some species need to be reclassified at the genus level. In addition to 16S rRNA, housekeeping genes, 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer, and repetitive sequences can be used in classification and identification of thermophilic bacteria. The ability to survive and grow at high temperatures as well as utilization and synthesis of a wide range of compounds makes these bacteria and their products attractive for use in various spheres: food, paper, biotechnology industries, medicine, bioremediation, etc. A broad spectrum of applications arouses increased interest in the study of physiological and biochemical characteristics and triggers emergence of new usage areas for Geobacillus , such as bioenergy. The growing demand for energy leads to the development of alternative technologic options. Geobacillus species demonstrated the ability to generate or enhance productivity of important sources of bioenergy such as ethanol, isobutanol, 2,3-butanediol, biodiesel, and biogas.
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