在《Punch》杂志的漫画中,西奥多·罗斯福1910年对英国的访问

Liliia Pytlovana
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摘要

本文旨在追溯罗斯福1910年的英国之行及其在《Punch》杂志上的表现;通过视觉讽刺的棱镜来分析罗斯福卡通形象学的特点以及人们对他形象的接受。研究方法。将漫画作为具体的视觉文本进行分析是基于E. Panofsky的图像图式。解读包括解读它们的情节、构成、风格和象征内容,以及它们创作的政治和文化背景。科学的新奇。本研究阐明了媒体对这位前总统活动的描述的特殊性,以及讽刺性出版物塑造罗斯福历史叙事的可能性。考虑到体裁的特殊性,对Punch材料的分析使我们能够追踪英国公众对罗斯福的看法,这种看法不受官方媒体和严肃分析版固有的形式和规则的限制。结论。《Punch》杂志密切关注罗斯福对英国的访问。与美国良好的州际关系,以及对罗斯福对英国在非洲统治的看法的关注,鼓励了英国的兴趣。《Punch》的漫画家们采用了19世纪形成的罗斯福的典型美国形象(勇气、决心、男子气概、“粗暴的骑手”等)。罗斯福作为一个无畏的非洲猎人的形象被添加到这个集合中。《Punch》漫画中罗斯福的正面形象表明人们对他作为一个政治家和一个人的高度赞赏。通过比较罗斯福和塔夫脱总统来达到评估效果;评估结果并不支持后者。该杂志对罗斯福的所有讽刺攻击都是善意的。即使在罗斯福的漫画中,Punch也突出了英国社会制度的缺点,这可以让读者参考罗斯福在美国国内政策中的改革活动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Theodore Roosevelt’s visit of 1910 to the UK in Punch magazine cartoons
This article aims to trace Roosevelt’s visit to the UK in 1910 and its representation in Punch magazine; to analyze the features of Roosevelt’s iconology in cartoons and the reception of his figure through the prism of visual satire. The research methodology. The analysis of cartoons as specific visual texts was based on E. Panofsky’s iconological scheme. The interpretation involved reading out their plot, composition, stylistic, and symbolic content, as well as their creation’s political and cultural context. The scientific novelty. The study elucidates the peculiarities of the representation of the former president’s activities in the media and the possibilities of satirical publications to shape the historical narrative of T. Roosevelt. Considering the genre specificity, the analysis of the Punch’s materials allowed us to track the British public’s perception of Roosevelt, which was unrestricted by the formalities and rules inherent in the official press and serious analytical editions. Conclusion. Punch magazine closely followed Roosevelt’s visit to Great Britain. Good interstate relations with the United States and attention to Roosevelt’s opinion as to British rule in Africa encouraged its interest. The Punch cartoonists adopted stereotypical American models of Roosevelt’s representation formed in the 19th century (courage, determination, masculinity, «rough rider» other). The image of Roosevelt as a fearless African hunter has been added to this collection. The positive image of T. Roosevelt in Punch cartoons indicates a high appreciation of him as a statesman and a person. The evaluative effect was achieved by comparing Roosevelt to President Taft; assessments did not favour the last. All of the magazine’s ironic attacks on Roosevelt were benevolent. Even in cartoons dedicated to T. Roosevelt, Punch highlighted the shortcomings of the British social system, which could refer readers to Roosevelt’s reformist activities in US domestic policy.
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