The Bacterial Flora in A Healthy Oral Cavity

The mouth is a habitat of a large, diverse and complex microbial environment. Different types of bacteria live on different surfaces in the mouth, accumulating the hard and soft tissue in the form of biofilms, affecting the ecological filaments of the dental surface and the gingival epithelium [1,2]. More than 750 types of bacteria or phylotypes, of which 50% are not yet cultivated, are detected in the oral cavity. They developed mechanisms of host adaptation and mechanisms of modification and avoidance to the host immune response. But the human immune system constantly monitors their growth and reproduction, preventing their invasion of the surrounding tissue and the development of disease. In fact, there is a dynamic equilibrium between the biocommunities of the bacteria and the human immune system, and oral health depends on the integrity of all-natural barriers that normally block the activity of microorganisms.