Evaluation of circulating Biochemical and anti-oxidative Biomarkers in patients with Beta-thalassemia from Lahore Pakistan

Background: β-thalassemia, one of the two primary kinds of thalassemia, is a typical hereditary issue. Transformations, influencing the different levels of β-globin quality articulation causing β-thalassemia, have been found in an overwhelming number. Objective: To evaluate the biochemical and anti-oxidative status in patients suffering from Thalassemia. Methodology: This was a comparative study conducted from June 1st to November 30th, 2018. A blood sample of 5 ml of 60 diagnosed Thalassemia patients conveniently selected and 60 healthy individuals were taken from a vein in clotted gel vials from Children Hospital and Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Variables included were, Reduce Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO), Vitamin A, C and E, Na+ and K+, Complete Blood Count (CBC), Hemoglobin (Hb) and serum iron level. Results: MDA level in Thalassemia patients was elevated (3.02±0.45) vs controls (1.29±0.21) (p= 0.000). The level of GSH was decreased (0.18±0.14) as compared to controls (6.32±0.13). The CAT level was elevated in patients (2.64±0.11) than controls (4.11±1.02). The amount of SOD that was elevated in patients (5.33±0.81) vs controls (3.21±1.07). Vitamin E level in patients was (2.38±0.59) vs controls (4.33±0.95). Red Blood Cells were also decreased in Thalassemia patients (18.61±3.32) as compared to controls (39.8±7.19). Serum Iron level was elevated in patients (131.33±2.56) vs controls 93.21±1.11. (p=0.000). Conclusion: The expanding level of MDA demonstrates the high rate of lipid peroxidation  (oxidative worry) in thalassemic patients. Lower the level of RBC, hemoglobin, and overloaded iron associated with the pathogenesis of Thalassemia.