Ukrainian and introduced mullberry (Morus L.) fruit varieties

Aim. To compare the best mulberry collection accessions by resistance to diseases (cylindrosporium leaf spot, bacteriosis and wilt) and infructescence yield as well as adaptation to climatic conditions in Northeastern Ukraine. Results and Discussion. The collection of the mulberry gene pool of the Laboratory of Sericulture and Technical Entomology of the National Research Center "Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine" of NAAS, which comprises 104 accessions, was studied. The article presents the results of studying features of the most promising fruit varieties of mulberry bred in Ukraine and introduced from different countries. The study showed that the Ukrainian mulberry fruit varieties from the gene pool collection were resistant to cylindrosporium leaf spot, bacteriosis and wilt. The introduced fruit varieties were weakly affected by cylindrosporium (8.0%) and bacteria (3.7%); varieties Bulgaria 24 and Kimsan were resistant to bacteriosis. Varieties Ukrainskaya 5, Ukrainskaya 6, Ukrainskaya 7, Ukrainskaya 107, Nadezhda, Kharkovskaya 14, Plodovaya 1, Yuzhnaya 6, Kimsan, Jasan, Kokuso 21, Kokuso 25, and Shimo maru were wilt-resistant. Mulberry plants of these varieties are adapted to climatic conditions of Northeastern Ukraine. The study showed that varieties Ukrainskaya 5, Ukrainskaya 6, Ukrainskaya 7, Nadezhda, Kharkovskaya 14, Kimsan, Jasan, Kokuso 21, and Shimo maru were valuable as donors of resistance to cylindrosporium leaf spot, bacteriosis and wilt. Varieties Ukrainskaya 6, Ukrainskaya 7, Ukrainskaya 107, Nadezhda, Kharkovskaya 14, Plodovaya 1, Plodovaya 3, Yuzhnaya 6, Podkumskaya, Ussuriyskaya 24, Bulgaria 59, Kimsan, Jasan, Kokuso 25, and Shimo maru consistently gave high yields of infructescences with high-quality fruits. Over the last 5 years, surveys of these mulberry varieties demonstrated that winterkill of shoots in the experimental location did not exceed 5.0%. Conclusions. Analysis of the results of studying the fruit varieties of Ukrainian and introduced mulberry from the collection of the Sericulture Laboratory showed that varieties Ukrainskaya 5, Ukrainskaya 6, Ukrainskaya 7, Nadezhda, Kharkovskaya 14, Kimsan, Jasan, Kokuso 2, and Shimo maru could be used as donors of resistance to cylindrosporium leaf spot, bacteriosis and wilt. Varieties Ukrainskaya 6, Ukrainskaya 7, Ukrainskaya 107, Nadezhda, Kharkovskaya 14, Plodovaya 1, Plodovaya 3, Yuzhnaya 6, Podkumskaya, Ussuriyskaya 24, Bulgaria 59, Kimsan, Jasan, and Shimo maru were highly adapted to the climate of Ukraine and gave stable and high yields of infructescences.