Most important bacterial and parasitic zoonotic diseases in Iran

The World Health Organization in 1959 described zoonoses are infections that can be transmitted naturally from vertebrate animals to human and inversely. Infectious diseases with determinate geographical dissemination caused by fungi, viruses, parasites and bacteria are classified as zoonotic diseases. The bacterial and parasite zoonotic disease's agents transmit between humans and animals through a number of factors including direct contact, food and water sources, and vector-borne. Prevalence of zoonotic diseases increases in a variety of geographical areas with along changes in humans’ demographic characteristics including international travel, susceptibility to infectious diseases, agricultural development and microbial attributes. These critical factors affect on the epidemiological aspect of infectious diseases directly and indirectly. Despite the use of various programs and adoption preventive measures, controlling of zoonotic diseases has still remained as the most important infectious agent in human's morbidity and mortality rates recorded around the worldwide. However, implemented control measures have shown effective results in decreased rates of many infections such as tuberculosis and brucellosis. Iran has shown a considerable geographical and socio-economic significance throughout a vast area. Because of a variety of climate and high rates transferring with poor public health countries, zoonotic diseases has been a serious public health problem in Iran. Hence, new measures need to tackle infectious agent's dissemination issues with research findings related to zoonotic diseases. This review article discusses the major bacterial and parasitic zoonotic diseases in Iran.