饮用含氯自来水中氯仿含量的测定

V. Zaitsev, N. Rublevska, V. D. Rublevskyi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乌克兰80%以上的人口通过地表水取水口获得饮用水,通常使用液化氯对水进行消毒。当采用这种消毒方法时,由于有机物与氯的相互作用,形成氯有机化合物(COC),其中以三甲甲烷为主,后者的含量为氯仿的60 - 90%。自2015年1月起,乌克兰开始实施自来水中氯仿的卫生标准,并在水加氯过程中对氯仿含量进行每日强制性监测。因此,有必要在自来水管道中寻找既省力又经济的氯化水中的氯仿氯化物。氯仿的含量取决于有机水污染的综合指标-高锰酸盐氧化的值。饮用水中高锰酸盐氧化性值越高,其氯仿含量越高,可靠性越高(p <0.05)。与原型相比,使用高锰酸盐氧化水平间接测定氯化水中氯仿水平的方法简单、可靠和可操作,因为在没有确定水的化学成分的可能性的情况下,能够确定配水网络中任何点的氯仿水平,从而降低了研究成本,从而减少了人口用水。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Determination of chloroform level in drinking chlorinated tap water
More than 80 % of the population of Ukraine is provided with drinking water by means of surface water intakes, for the disinfection of water, as a rule, liquefied chlorine is used. When this method of disinfection is applied due to the interaction of organic substances with chlorine, chlororganic compounds (COC) are formed, among which trigalomethanes prevail, and among the latter, 60–90 % of the content is chloroform. Since January 2015, the hygienic norm of chloroform in tap water has been in effect in Ukraine and the obligatory program of daily monitoring of the chloroform content during the chlorination of water has been justified. Therefore, it became necessary to search for chloroform chlorine form in chlorinated water that is labor-consuming and economically accessible for water pipes. The chloroform content depends on the value of the integral index of organic water contamination — permanganate oxidation. The higher the value of permanganate oxidability in drinking chlorinated water, the more reliable (p <0.05) the higher the chloroform content in it. The method of indirect determination of the chloroform level in chlorinated water using the permanganate oxidation level is simple, reliable and operative in comparison with the prototype in the absence of the possibility of determining the chemical composition of water, the ability to determine the level of chloroform at any point in the water distribution network, reduces the cost of research and, accordingly, water for the population.
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