构建网络经济中的智力资本

A. Samoilenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考虑了智力资本的形成和发展,包括它与人力资本和社会资本的关系。对智力资本的概念进行了概括和识别,并根据不同作者的表述对其结构进行了界定。在微观层面上,智力资本是由人力资本、结构(组织)资本和客户(消费者)资本直接形成的。研究发现,智力资本是根据国际组织的方法进行评估的,包括个人、集体、公司(组织)、地方和领土、国家、区域、国际和全球四个层面。智力资本的要素是根据其与外部环境的可能接触来确定的:知识产权、管理制度、基础设施、社会关系、技术和技术子系统。强调在全球网络经济中,考虑到信息技术和创新的加剧,从不同的作者立场提出了智力资本的理论方面。现代创新环境为智力资本的形成创造了先决条件。科学知识、员工能力、经验、知识产权、信息技术等都是网络经济的无形产品和资产。研究发现,大多数研究者将智力资本理解为一系列智力资产,包括:市场资产(与市场交易相关的无形资产);知识产权作为资产(版权、专利、商品和服务的商标、专有技术、商业秘密);人力资产(企业员工的一套集体知识,他们的创造能力,领导素质的存在);基础设施资产(使企业工作成为可能的技术、方法和过程)。本文强调了将智力资本与人力资本和社会资本结合起来考虑的权宜之计,因为社会资本的重要性体现在其特殊形式上,即网络、社会规范和信任。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
STRUCTURING INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN NETWORK ECONOMY
The article considers the formation and development of intellectual capital, including in the context of its relationship with human and social capital. The concept of intellectual capital is generalized and identified, its structure is defined according to different author's representations. It is determined that at the micro level intellectual capital is formed directly by human capital, structural (organizational) capital and client (consumer) capital. It was found that intellectual capital is assessed according to the methods of international organizations, including individual, collective, corporate (organizational), local and territorial, national, regional, international and global levels. Elements of intellectual capital are identified on the basis of their possible contact with the external environment: intellectual property, management system, infrastructure, social relations, technical and technological subsystem. It is emphasized that the theoretical aspects of intellectual capital from different authorial positions are presented in the global network economy, taking into account the intensification of information technology and innovation. It is revealed that the modern innovation environment creates preconditions for the formation of intellectual capital. Scientific knowledge, competencies of employees, experience, intellectual property, information technology are implemented in intangible products and assets of the network economy. It was found that most researchers understand intellectual capital as a set of intellectual assets, which can include: market assets (intangible assets related to market transactions); intellectual property as an asset (copyright, patents, trademarks of goods and services, know-how, trade secrets); human assets (a set of collective knowledge of employees of the enterprise, their creative abilities, the presence of leadership qualities); infrastructure assets (technologies, methods and processes that make the work of the enterprise possible). The expediency of considering intellectual capital in relation to human and social capital is emphasized, as the importance of social capital is represented by its special form, namely - networks, social norms and trust.
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