Defect Centers in Irradiated and Swept Quartz

C r y s t a l s were 6oCo i r r a d i a t e d t o s a t u r a t i o n and subseq u e n t l y s w e p t ( e l e c t r o d i f f u s e d ) i n a n a i r atmosphere. For some crys ta l s the combina t ion of as -grown and o ther i n t e rna l hydrogenion sources i s s u f f i c i e n t t o compensate a l l r a d i a t i o n i n d u c e d d i s s o c i a t i n g aluminum-alkali-metal defec t cen ters . For o ther samples the concent r a t i o n of aluminum-ion cen te r s exceeds tha t o f t he ava i l ab le hydrogen i ons . Rad ia t ion induced d i s soc ia t ed hydrogen ions from as-grown OH de fec t s do no t mig ra t e t o r emote s i t e s t o compensa te d i s soc ia t ing a luminumion c e n t e r s . The non-des t ruc t ive i n f r a red t echn ique can be used to de te rmine the subs t i tu t iona l a luminum-ion impur i t y p r o f i l e , and fo r swep t c rys t a l s t he comple t eness of sweeping, on s a m p l e s l a r g e e n o u g h t o f a b r i c a t e h i g h p r e c i s i o n r e s o n a t o r s . The sample i s measured as-rec e i v e d , a f t e r s w e e p i n g , a n d a f t e r i r r a d i a t i o n . A1-OH