Gradient Generation with Active Mixing by a Novel Microvalve using Tailor-made Multilayer Piezoelectric Actuator (TAMPA)

A concentration gradient is generated by producing a wave-like pattern along the microchannel direction. High frequency switching of the fluid flow is achieved by employing the newly developed microvalve using tailor-made multilayer piezoelectric actuators (TAMPA). The generation of a concentration gradient in two-layered flow with active mixing was achieved in a high-speed fluid (120 mm/s, Re = 14.4). Moreover, the concentration gradient was controlled by adjusting the input voltage to TAMPA.