液体夹杂物对冰爆炸不稳定性的影响

Bordonskiy Georgy S.
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究了低温下多晶冰机械变形过程中液相核的影响。-45℃对其爆炸不稳定性的影响。当高压作用于冰晶时,部分氢键断裂,液相的核就会出现在冰中。由此产生的团簇可以具有接近于大块亚稳水的特征。众所周知,这种水在负温度区域具有反常的热力学特征。特别是,在-60℃的温度和100mpa的压力下,存在水的第二个临界点,使液-液转变。结果发现,低密度水(LDL)和高密度水(HDL)两种类型的水之间发生了过渡,并且Widom线出现在水相图的单组分区域。这条线是熵和密度波动增加的轨迹。在大气压附近,Widom线上的温度为-45℃。如果冰内的压力和温度接近LDL和HDL共存线,那么由于分子能量波动的增长和冰结构的破坏,液体的不均匀性就会成为介质力学不稳定的来源。这种情况可能发生在温度低于-45℃,压力高于100mpa的情况下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of Liquid Inclusions to Explosive Instability of Ice
The influence of the nuclei of the liquid phase arising during mechanical deformations of polycrystalline ice at temperatures below -40 ... -45 C on its explosive instability is considered. The nucleus of the liquid phase appear in ice when part of the hydrogen bonds are broken when high pressure is applied to ice crystals. The resulting clusters can have characteristics close to those of bulk metastable water. It is known that such water in the region of negative temperatures has anomalous thermodynamic characteristics. In particular, at a temperature of -60 C and a pressure of 100 MPa, there is a second critical point of water for the liquid-liquid transition. It was found that the transition occurs between the two types of water LDL (low density water) and HDL (high density water), with the Widom line coming out into the one-component region of the water phase diagram. This line is the locus of increased fluctuations in entropy and density. Near atmospheric pressure, the temperature on the Widom line is -45 C. If the pressure inside the ice and its temperature turn out to be close to the line of coexistence of LDL and HDL, then liquid inhomogeneities can become a source of mechanical instability of the medium due to the growth of fluctuations in the energy of molecules and destruction of the ice structure. Such conditions can occur at temperatures below -45 C and pressures above 100 MPa.
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