Underwater acoustic intensity field reconstruction by kriged compressive sensing

This paper presents a novel Kriged Compressive Sensing (KCS) approach for the reconstruction of underwater acoustic intensity fields sampled by multiple gliders following sawtooth sampling patterns. Blank areas in between the sampling trajectories may cause unsatisfying reconstruction results. The KCS method leverages spatial statistical correlation properties of the acoustic intensity field being sampled to improve the compressive reconstruction process. Virtual data samples generated from a kriging method are inserted into the blank areas. We show that by using the virtual samples along with real samples, the acoustic intensity field can be reconstructed with higher accuracy when coherent spatial patterns exist. Corresponding algorithms are developed for both unweighted and weighted KCS methods. By distinguishing the virtual samples from real samples through weighting, the reconstruction results can be further improved. Simulation results show that both algorithms can improve the reconstruction results according to the PSNR and SSIM metrics. The methods are applied to process the ocean ambient noise data collected by the Sea-Wing acoustic gliders in the South China Sea.