Prevalence of Different Types of Malaria in Shendi, Sudan

Introduction: This cross-sectional descriptive study aims to detect the incidence of different types of Malaria in Shendi, Sudan, during the period from November 2019 to February 2020. This study was conducted in Shendi, Sudan, which lies 150 km from the national capital of the Republic of Sudan, Khartoum. Methods: One hundred samples were taken, and the study was conducted in several hospitals in Shendi (Shendi teaching hospital, Almak Nimer hospital, and many laboratories in Shendi). This study examined different types of malaria parasite among the population of Shendi, taking into account the age, gender, residence. A rapid immunochromatographic test and blood film were used to diagnose the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum compared to the other types of Plasmodium. Results: On blood film test, 98% of already diagnosed cases of malaria by microscope were positive, and only 2% were negative; furthermore, 96 % of malaria cases were caused by P. falciparum, and only 2 % were caused by Plasmodium vivax. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the incidence of malaria was high in the study area. More than two-thirds of patients diagnosed with malaria in Shendi in 2019-2020 were young aged 15-30 years, and more than half of the cases were female. Blood film examination is the gold standard for malaria diagnosis. P. falciparum was responsible for 96% of cases, and the other species were much less common.