表演教育在国内艺术教育过程中的特殊性

Oleksii Bezghin, Olga Uspenska
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摘要

本文讨论了在博洛尼亚进程和新的乌克兰教育法中编纂的以能力为基础的教育方法背景下乌克兰演员培训的具体情况。为了回答他们的研究问题,作者分析了乌克兰三所不同的高等教育机构定义的学士和硕士水平的舞台演员的能力。这组作者承认,基于能力的教育方法有许多好处,包括提高了学位的透明度和可比性,增加了学生和教师的流动性,但他们也指出,这种方法有其缺陷。对于演员培训来说,基于能力的方法产生了一个问题,即定义核心能力,这反映了演员培训的细节,重点是记忆、声音、动作和演讲,以及区分学士和硕士水平的能力。作者发现,在他们分析的项目中,学士和硕士水平的能力几乎没有区别,并提出了一个问题,即不从事教师职业的演员是否应该被要求获得硕士学位才能获得“完整的高等教育”。作者提出了一个重要的问题,即保留由著名舞台大师组成的独特的民族演员学校作为演员教育的核心要素。他们还建议将演员学校的节日作为演员培训的一种学习方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Peculiarities of acting education in the domestic artistic and educational process
The article discusses the specifics of actors training in Ukraine in the context of the competency-based approach to education codified in the Bologna process and the new Ukrainian educational law. To answer their research questions, the authors analyze competencies for stage actors at the bachelor’s and master’s levels defined by three different Ukrainian institutions of higher education. The authors acknowledge the many benefits of the competency-based approach to education, including improved transparency and comparability of degrees, and increased student and teacher mobility, but also suggest it has its pitfalls. For actors training, the competency-based approach creates a problem of defining core competencies reflective of the specifics of actors training focused on memory, voice, movement, and speech, as well as differentiating between competencies at the bachelor’s and master’s levels. The authors find little difference between bachelor and master level competencies in the programs they analyze and ask if actors not pursuing a teaching career should be required to obtain a master’s degree to attain “complete higher education.” The authors bring up an important issue of preserving unique national actor schools formed by renowned stage masters as the core element of actor’s education. They also suggest festivals of actor schools as a way of learning approaches to actors training.
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