缺血性脑卒中患者物理康复初期的心理特点

Ye. P. Kharchenko, I. Zavadska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文的目的是研究缺血性脑卒中患者身体康复初期的心理特点。研究方法。研究方法主要有:文献资料分析法、心理与教学观察法、心理与教学实验法。研究的结果。我们证明缺血性脑卒中患者物理康复入门期的心理目标是:1)恢复正常呼吸;2)形成运动动作实施的心理基础;3)学习基本运动动作的要素:运动任务的准确性,在做动作的过程中保持一定的姿势(起跳位置);4)学习基本的意念运动练习;5)自我控制的学习方法。研究表明,当进行新的锻炼时,患者会经历心理和情绪上的压力,这导致了疲劳的迹象(即使只进行少量的体育锻炼)。它表现为心血管系统对负荷的反应不足,并改变患者的心理情绪状态(焦虑增加、兴趣丧失、注意力下降等)。在只有主观情绪的情况下,当心血管系统对所建议的负荷没有不充分的反应时,我们使用“切换”的方法。在“切换”的情况下,我们问了病人一个一般性的问题,以便倾听他/她的回答。这项技术显著地加速了患者活动的恢复。当我们观察到疲劳与功能水平降低相关时,给予患者休息,直到心血管系统完全恢复。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Psychological Peculiarities of the Introductory Period of Physical Rehabilitation of Patients with Ischemic Stroke
the purpose of our article is to study psychological peculiarities of the intro-ductory period of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke. research methods. There were used psychological and pedagogical research methods: the analysis of literature sources, the method of psycho-logical and pedagogical observation, psychological and pedagogical experi-ment.the results of the research. We proved that psychological objectives of the introductory period of physical rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke were: 1) restoration of proper breathing; 2) the formation of the psychological basis for the implementation of motor actions; 3) learning the elements of basic motor actions: the accuracy of motor tasks, maintaining a certain posture (star-ting position) in the process of doing exercises; 4) learning the basics of ideomo-tor exercises; 5) learning methods of self-control.conclusions. It was shown,when performing new exercises, patients had experienced psycho-emotional stress, which had led to signs of fatigue (even when performing only a few physical exercises). It was manifested in the form of inadequate response of the cardiovascular system to the proposed load, and changes into the psycho-emotional state of the patient (increased anxiety, loss of interest, decreased concentration, etc.). In the presence of only subjective sensa-tions of the emotional nature, when there was no inadequate response of the cardiovascular system to the proposed load, we used the method of “switching”. In a case of “switching” we asked the patient a general question in order to listen to his/her answer. This technique significantly accelerated the recovery of the person’s activity. When we observed fatigue associated with reduced levels of functionality, the patient was offered rest until complete recovery of a cardio-vascular system.
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