基质金属蛋白酶及其组织抑制剂在子宫内膜重塑和月经中的作用

L. Salamonsen, D. Woolley
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引用次数: 36

摘要

人类子宫内膜的结构在每个正常月经周期的过程中被广泛重塑,不像大多数其他组织和器官在成人生活中经历很少的变化。在月经期间,当大部分功能层丢失时,伴随着上皮的再生;几乎随着出血的停止,管腔表面的修复就完成了。在周期的增殖阶段,在雌激素水平上升的影响下,基质细胞、腺体和血管迅速增殖,导致组织增厚。排卵后(理想28天周期的第14天左右),周期的分泌阶段的特点是螺旋小动脉和腺体的扭曲程度增加,腺体分泌活性增加。大约22天后,许多间质成纤维细胞也发生脱体细胞化,形成的蜕细胞具有许多上皮细胞的典型特征。在增殖中期(8-11天)和分泌中期(20-23天)子宫内膜,组织水肿期都很明显。在月经周期的后期,随着月经的开始,组织出现退化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in endometrial remodelling and menstruation
The architecture of the human endometrium is extensively remodelled during the course of each normal menstrual cycle, unlike most other tissues and organs which undergo very little change during adult life. During menstruation, when loss of most of the functionalis layer occurs, there is concomitant epithelial regrowth; repair of the luminal surface is complete almost as bleeding ceases. During the proliferative phase of the cycle and under the influence of rising oestrogen levels, the stromal cells, glands and blood vessels undergo rapid proliferation which results in tissue thickening. Following ovulation (around day 14 of the idealized 28-day cycle), the secretory phase of the cycle is characterized by increasing tortuosity of the spiral arterioles and glands and increased glandular secretory activity. After about day 22, decidualization of many of the stromal fibroblasts also occurs, the resultant decidual cells having many characteristics typical of epithelial cells. Periods of tissue oedema are apparent both in mid-proliferative (days 8–11) and mid-secretory (days 20–23) endometrium. Late in the cycle, there is regression of the tissue as menstruation is initiated.
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