Chronic urinary schistosomiasis in a 25-year-old man, a case of neglected tropical disease

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by several species of trematodes, a parasitic worm of the genus Schistosoma. Out of the two major forms of schistosomiasis that exist, Schistosoma haematobium affects the genitourinary system. Radiologic imaging manifestations of urinary tract schistosomiasis are observed mainly in the ureters and bladder due to deposition of eggs on them, which elicits chronic granulomatous injury. This eventually causes nodules, polypoid lesions and ulcerations of the lumen of the ureter and bladder that manifest clinically in urinary frequency, dysuria, and terminal hematuria. It may ultimately end in renal failure or carcinoma of the bladder. This endemic but poorly reported neglected tropical disease is presented to increase the index of suspicion and reduce its complications and prevalence.