SPEECH CULTURE AT THE MILITARY HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

The aim of this article is to analyze the meaning of speech culture in the process of military officer becoming. The main subject of the research is the factors that influence its formation and improvement. Future officers acquire linguistic and conversation competencies at Military academy in classes on the subject of “Ukrainian language for professional purposes”. It promotes the acquisition and identification of knowledge in all professional subjects, and subsequently bringing them to subordinates in the practical field. Cadets get experience to solve professional problems in Ukrainian language classes through conversation, learn to use the skills for arguing their position, convince the interlocutor and build their own tactics and communication strategy, while confirming the norms of conversation culture. However, some real factors cause a problem. This is the conversation quality of the cadets from different regions of Ukraine. Most of them are from the central and southeastern regions, where surzhyk is the most widely used and among which the children first socialization takes place. Socialization continues at preschool educational institutions and at schools, where the number of teachers formally refers to the state language. Conversational culture is badly influenced by the media – radio, television, Internet, which not only replicate violations of the Ukrainian language standards, but also allow manifestations of sexism. These external social factors are analyzed in details. The scientists paid attention to internal and local factors. These factors ruin conversational culture of both commanding officer and teacher, such as Russianness (words borrowed from Russian language), slang and swearing. The practical aspect of the research is the main recommendations for improving conversational culture at the military educational environment. They are related to language regime. This is the priority attention of the management regarding strict compliance with the current legislation of Ukraine on the use of the state language. The priority attention of leadership is to comply with current legislation of Ukraine on use of the state language, enhanced control over its implementation, constant improve language and conversational qualification of scientific and pedagogical staff in advanced training courses, involve cadets in extracurricular activities, etc. The conclusion affirms the idea that speech culture is an integral part of the military officer general culture. Its formation depends on many factors and language regime. The main role belongs to commanding officer and teacher. Teacher should convince students that conversational culture is the best way to master the profession. It should be a cooperation of Ukrainian language teacher for professional purpose with teachers of professional subjects to encourage cadets and improve their conversational skills. Key words: speech of a military officer, speech culture, social factors of influence, speech personality, language mode.