Cross-Temperature Reliabilities in TLC 3D NAND Flash Memory: Characterization and Solution

Temperature impacts on the reliabilities of TLC 3D NAND flash memory are investigated through cross-temperature measurements, and a simple method is proposed to estimate the optimal read voltage $(\mathrm{V}_{\text{opt}})$ to lower the error bits. With real chip characterizations, it is shown that $\mathrm{V}_{\text{opt}}$ is strongly correlated to the temperature difference between data reading and data programming, rather than the temperature itself. This indicates that $\mathrm{V}_{\text{opt}}$ can be obtained by using $\mathrm{V}_{\text{th}}$ offset between operation temperatures. The effects of the proposed scheme are also evaluated in real chips, showing that ~60% error bits can be well suppressed.