A novel UWB double layer lotus wearable antenna for integration on astronauts spacesuit

In this paper a novel ultra-wideband double layer lotus wearable antenna is proposed for integration onto a flight jacket of the astronaut to monitor the vital signals of astronauts continually. This antenna designed and fabricated on leather material as substrate to operate over frequency band (2–12 GHz). The dielectric constant εr = 1.79, and loss tangent tanδ = 0.042 of the leather substrate are measured by using two different methods. This antenna is integrated with three strip lines for performance enhancement. Also, the SAR calculations for this antenna are performed on-body environments to ensure that operate properly in the nearness of the human body.