Morpho-biochemical characteristics of polimorbite pathology of liver and kidneys of domestic cats and dogs

Domestic cats and dogs develop severe polymorphic internal pathology in the form of hepatic-renal and renal-hepatic syndromes, which are difficult to differentiate only by clinical symptoms. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of the course of these syndromes in domestic cats and dogs using morphological, instrumenta, laboratory studies, and the method of determining the area of the hair cuticle. Materials and methods. 19 domestic cats and 24 dogs of different breeds and genders with liver and kidney pathology and 20 clinically healthy animals by the above mentioned methods were examined. It is established that the difference between the course of each of the syndromes between cats and dogs cannot be established by clinical symptoms, results of echosonographic studies and indicators of erythrocyte and leukocytopoiesis. Morphological studies, both in cats and dogs, confirmed the development of both syndromes of chronic hepatitis, hepatodystrophy, cholecystitis, acute glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, nephrosis. In the case of hepatic-renal syndrome, in dogs, unlike cats, the level of bilirubin and its fractions was repeatedly increased, and in the case of renal-hepatic increased the levels of urea and creatinine. Cats had a high level of ALT and AST activity in hepatic-renal syndrome and significantly less one with renal-hepatic syndrome. The level of hyperasotemia was lower (in 1,5 – 1,9 times) than in dogs with this syndrome. The low value of the area of the hair cuticle (in the range of 6-7 nm2) indicates the presence of a pathological process in the animal. With liver monopathology the hair cuticle area of 6-7 nm2 was found in 12.5, for hepatic-renal syndrome - in 45.0, and renal-hepatic - in 21.4% of sick cats, respectively, which indicates a more severe course of hepatic-renal syndrome.