Profiling of Antibacterial Compounds from Selective Medicinal Mangrove Species

: Mangrove is an opulent and untapped ecosystem with great phytochemical diversity, making it suitable for the discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds. The goal of the study was to explore the pharmaceutical antibacterial and antioxidant resources from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza , Ceriops tagal , Rhizophora mucronata and Aegiceras corniculatum and gain insight into the diversity and novelty of compounds such as alkaloids, flavanol, polyphenols etc. A liquid extract was obtained by subjecting fresh mangrove leaves to maceration and Soxhlet extraction. Plant DNA barcoding was utilized to authenticate the identity of the samples under study. A few of the obtained sequences have been communicated to GenBank (OQ696049.1, OQ696050.1, OQ692575.1, OQ679419.1). The phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of polyphenols (TPC = 8.71, 8.51, 8.77 and 5.52 mg/gm of plant tissue, respectively); flavonoids (TFC = 12.42, 8.48, 5.26 and 13.903 mg/gm of plant tissue, respectively); and alkaloids (2.5, 3.81, 4.98 and 5.21 mg/gm of plant tissue, respectively). The antioxidant potential (radical scavenging activity) was scored to be 87.8%, 89.5%, 92.07% and 45.8% (DPPH assay was conducted), respectively. The antimicrobial analysis was performed on Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis . The MIC revealed maximum activity in Klebsiella pneumonia , while negligible activity was scored for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . The analysis thus reveals that the plants under study may have better medicinal activity against respiratory tract organisms. In vitro biochemical analysis of different molecules present in the plants was performed using the Swiss ADME database. The present study thus reveals the preliminary compounds from selected mangrove plants that can be promising future anti-microbial therapeutics.