各种分散剂在钢包脱硫中喷射工艺的合理工艺方案的主要条件

A. F. Shevchenko, I. A. Manachin
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摘要

分散试剂在铁水钢包处理工艺中的应用,可以解决提高金属产品质量和改善金属冶炼工艺技术经济指标的广泛任务。但是现有技术仍有改进的空间,因为在它们的应用过程中,没有考虑到在大范围参数和精炼条件下钢包中存在的大量热交换和质量交换过程的特性。因此,阐述不同试剂注入量下的交换过程机理的概念和阐述最合理的技术解决方案是相当现实的。研究了化学剂和分散剂含量对铁水脱硫过程的影响。证明了CaO和Mg应用的优先级。结果表明,当使用细粉时,小于0.08 mm的颗粒几乎不渗透到铁水熔体中,而当使用颗粒剂(0.2 ~ 1.6 mm)时,颗粒可渗透到25mm深的铁水中。确定了在喷射脱硫过程中,在近风口区存在吹入两相流分离的条件,气固组分分离。粉末状非镁剂(石灰)脱硫时,气体中粉末状浓度为40 - 60kg /Nm3为合理,还原剂的使用不是来自铁水组分(С、Si、Mn),而是来自外部引入的Al。此外,建议在气相和固相中引入蒸发和成气(熔体)添加剂,以增加近风口区附加相的分散。在单镁喷射过程中,以晶粒(0.2 ~ 1.6 mm)的形式存在,吹入速度>80 m/s。在工业条件下验证了不同药剂提高铁水脱硫效率的科学前提条件。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Main conditions of rational technological solutions of injection processes for ladle desulphurization of hot metal by various dispersed reagents
 Application of dispersed reagents in hot metal ladle treatment processes enabled for solving a wide range of tasks of increasing metal products quality and improving technical and economic indices of metal smelting processes. But there are reserves of existing technologies improving, since during their application a whole number of peculiarities of heat- and mass exchange processes, having place in ladle at wide range of parameters and refining conditions, are not taken into consideration. Therefore, elaboration of conceptions about exchange processes mechanisms at different reagents injection input and elaboration of most rational technological solutions are rather actual.Influence of chemical and fraction-dispersed content of reagents on hot metal desulphurization processes studied. First priority of CaO and Mg application justified.It was shown, that when using fine powders, particles less 0.08 mm practically do not penetrate into hot metal melt, and when grain reagents (0.2–1.6 mm) are used, their particles can penetrate into hot metal by a depth of 25 mm.It was established that during the injection desulphurization there are conditions and separation of blow-in two-phase stream takes place in near-tuyere zone with division for gas and solid components.During the desulphurization by powder non-magnesium reagents (lime), the powder concentration 40–60 kg/Nm3 in gas justified, usage of reducing agents not from hot metal components (С, Si, Mn), but Al introduced from outside. Besides, it was recommended to introduce evaporating and gas-forming (in the melt) additions into gas and solid phase for additional phase dispersion in the neartuyere zone.During the magnesium mono-injection its application in the form of grains (0.2–1.6 mm) justified and blow-in velocity >80 m/s.The obtained scientific preconditions of hot metal desulphurization efficiency increase by different reagents were checked in industrial conditions. 
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